{"id":6,"date":"2024-04-22T23:14:21","date_gmt":"2024-04-22T23:14:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/?page_id=6"},"modified":"2024-04-26T12:58:07","modified_gmt":"2024-04-26T12:58:07","slug":"home","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/","title":{"rendered":"Home"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_section et_pb_section_0 et_pb_with_background  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_section_regular et_block_section\" >\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_0  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_0  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_0  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Physics<\/h3>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">The Interfacial Physics Group<\/h1><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_section et_pb_section_1  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_section_regular et_block_section\" >\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_1  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_1  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h1>Welcome <\/h1>\n<p>The properties of interfacial regions where fluid or solid phases meet dominate the behavior of many natural and technical processes. Wetting, friction and adhesion, corrosion, stability of emulsions (droplets of liquids in another liquid) or colloidal suspensions (solid particles suspended in a liquid) are some examples. But attaining a fundamental understanding of their behavior challenges our experimental abilities because these interfacial regions are structurally complex on a molecular scale, are seldom homogeneous on a microscopic scale, and may not even be in equilibrium. Often monomolecular layers along the interfaces dominate the behavior of the interface and the macroscopic phenomenon.<\/p>\n<p>In the Interfacial Physics Group we attempt to build an understanding of interfacial phenomena on the molecular, microscopic, and macroscopic levels. In our research, we probe many different liquid systems, including aqueous and non-aqueous fluids and solutions, surfactants and polymers, and even metals interacting with a variety of solids, including glasses, oxides and metals. We employ a range of techniques including x-ray, neutron, and optical techniques, atomic force microscopy, rheology, as well as UHV and non-UHV materials preparation. Presently, we focus on wetting, friction, and colloidal forces. Our program draws on a broad range of scientific phenomena such as random field effects, nonequilibrium states, hydrodynamics, and noise in hysteretic systems. The results of our research reveal the scientific underpinnings of such technologies as coatings, adhesion, colloidal stability, multiphase fluid flow and drug delivery in the lung.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_2_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_2  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_image et_pb_image_0\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"214\" height=\"127\" src=\"http:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/physics.gif\" alt=\"CMU Physics logo\" title=\"CMU Physics logo\" class=\"wp-image-83\" \/><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_image et_pb_image_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" src=\"http:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/200px-Carnegie_Mellon_University_seal.svg_.png\" alt=\"CMU Seal\" title=\"CMU Seal\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/200px-Carnegie_Mellon_University_seal.svg_.png 200w, https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/200px-Carnegie_Mellon_University_seal.svg_-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" class=\"wp-image-73\" \/><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_2  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_3  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_2  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Our Lab Focus<\/h2><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_3  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_1_3 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_icon et_pb_icon_0\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_pb_icon_wrap \"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">\uf773<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_3  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Wetting<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_1_3 et_pb_column et_pb_column_5  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_icon et_pb_icon_1\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_pb_icon_wrap \"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">\uf4de<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_4  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Friction<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_1_3 et_pb_column et_pb_column_6  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_icon et_pb_icon_2\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_pb_icon_wrap \"><span class=\"et-pb-icon\">\uf78c<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_5  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Colloidal Forces<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_section et_pb_section_2 et_pb_with_background  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_section_regular et_block_section\" >\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_4  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_7  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_6  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">Gallery<\/h1><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_gallery et_pb_gallery_0  et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_gallery_grid\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_gallery_items et_pb_grid_items et_post_gallery clearfix\" data-per_page=\"20\"><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_item et_pb_grid_item et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_pb_gallery_item_0_0\"><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_image portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img1.jpg\" title=\"Interference fringes from an unstable film at the meniscus of a CTAB solution.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"216\" height=\"187\" src=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img1.jpg\" alt=\"Interference fringes from an unstable film at the meniscus of a CTAB solution.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img1.jpg 479w, https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img1.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width:479px) 479px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-76\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_overlay\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><h3 class=\"et_pb_gallery_title\">Interference fringes from an unstable film at the meniscus of a CTAB solution.<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_item et_pb_grid_item et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_pb_gallery_item_0_1\"><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_image portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img2.jpg\" title=\"AFM image of CTAB islands formed on a surface pulled from a solution above the critical velocity\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"642\" height=\"496\" src=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img2.jpg\" alt=\"AFM image of CTAB islands formed on a surface pulled from a solution above the critical velocity\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img2.jpg 479w, https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img2.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width:479px) 479px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-86\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_overlay\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><h3 class=\"et_pb_gallery_title\">AFM image of CTAB islands formed on a surface pulled from a solution above the critical velocity<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_item et_pb_grid_item et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_pb_gallery_item_0_2\"><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_image portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img3.jpg\" title=\"Spreading events for C12E1, C12E3 and C12E6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"230\" height=\"549\" src=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img3.jpg\" alt=\"Spreading events for C12E1, C12E3 and C12E6\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img3.jpg 479w, https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img3.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width:479px) 479px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-87\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_overlay\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><h3 class=\"et_pb_gallery_title\">Spreading events for C12E1, C12E3 and C12E6<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_item et_pb_grid_item et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_pb_gallery_item_0_3\"><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_image portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img6-index.jpg\" title=\"Aqueous surfactant solution drop spreading across porcine gastric mucus solution, with teflon particles.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"516\" src=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img6-index-400x516.jpg\" alt=\"Aqueous surfactant solution drop spreading across porcine gastric mucus solution, with teflon particles.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img6-index.jpg 479w, https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img6-index-400x516.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width:479px) 479px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-81\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_overlay\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><h3 class=\"et_pb_gallery_title\">Aqueous surfactant solution drop spreading across porcine gastric mucus solution, with teflon particles.<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_item et_pb_grid_item et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_pb_gallery_item_0_4\"><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_image portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img4.jpg\" title=\"img4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"232\" src=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img4.jpg\" alt=\"Droplets of lead on a copper surface. Halos are precursing monolayers spreading from the droplets.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img4.jpg 479w, https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img4.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width:479px) 479px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-88\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_overlay\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><h3 class=\"et_pb_gallery_title\">img4<\/h3><p class=\"et_pb_gallery_caption\">Droplets of lead on a copper surface. Halos are  precursing monolayers spreading from the droplets.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_item et_pb_grid_item et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_pb_gallery_item_0_5\"><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_image portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/3-AK-no-graph-scaled.jpg\" title=\"Post-deposition spreading of surfactant aerosol field on aqueous polymer solution subphase\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"516\" src=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/3-AK-no-graph-400x516.jpg\" alt=\"Post-deposition spreading of surfactant aerosol field on aqueous polymer solution subphase\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/3-AK-no-graph-scaled.jpg 479w, https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/3-AK-no-graph-400x516.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width:479px) 479px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-89\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_overlay\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><h3 class=\"et_pb_gallery_title\">Post-deposition spreading of surfactant aerosol field on aqueous polymer solution subphase<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_item et_pb_grid_item et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_pb_gallery_item_0_6\"><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_image portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img5.jpg\" title=\"Aggregated particles in 0.1 mM NaHCO3 at 100 Hz, Erms ~ V\/cm\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"479\" src=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img5.jpg\" alt=\"Aggregated particles in 0.1 mM NaHCO3 at 100 Hz, Erms ~ V\/cm\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img5.jpg 479w, https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img5.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width:479px) 479px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-80\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_overlay\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><h3 class=\"et_pb_gallery_title\">Aggregated particles in 0.1 mM NaHCO3 at 100 Hz, Erms ~ V\/cm<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_item et_pb_grid_item et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_pb_gallery_item_0_7\"><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_image portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img7-index.jpg\" title=\"Post-deposition spreading of individual surfactant-laden aerosol droplets on aqueous polymer solution subphase.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"622\" height=\"497\" src=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img7-index.jpg\" alt=\"Post-deposition spreading of individual surfactant-laden aerosol droplets on aqueous polymer solution subphase.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img7-index.jpg 479w, https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/img7-index.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width:479px) 479px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-82\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_overlay\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><h3 class=\"et_pb_gallery_title\">Post-deposition spreading of individual surfactant-laden aerosol droplets on aqueous polymer solution subphase.<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_item et_pb_grid_item et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_pb_gallery_item_0_8\"><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_image portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/ying.jpg\" title=\"Coalescence of two miscible sessile drops with different densities.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"516\" src=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/ying-400x516.jpg\" alt=\"Coalescence of two miscible sessile drops with different densities.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/ying.jpg 479w, https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/ying-400x516.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width:479px) 479px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-85\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_overlay\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><h3 class=\"et_pb_gallery_title\">Coalescence of two miscible sessile drops with different densities.<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_item et_pb_grid_item et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_pb_gallery_item_0_9\"><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_image portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/amy-index.jpg\" title=\"Fluorescein showing properties of a Kelvin drop on aqueous polymer solution subphase\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"516\" src=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/amy-index-400x516.jpg\" alt=\"Fluorescein showing properties of a Kelvin drop on aqueous polymer solution subphase\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/amy-index.jpg 479w, https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/amy-index-400x516.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width:479px) 479px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-74\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_overlay\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><h3 class=\"et_pb_gallery_title\">Fluorescein showing properties of a Kelvin drop on aqueous polymer solution subphase<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_item et_pb_grid_item et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_pb_gallery_item_0_10\"><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_image portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/gunnar.png\" title=\"Movement and tracking of a particle under influence of Marangoni stressr influence of Marangoni stress\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"325\" height=\"128\" src=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/gunnar.png\" alt=\"Movement and tracking of a particle under influence of Marangoni stress\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/gunnar.png 479w, https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2024\/04\/gunnar.png 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width:479px) 479px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-75\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_overlay\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><h3 class=\"et_pb_gallery_title\">Movement and tracking of a particle under influence of Marangoni stressr influence of Marangoni stress<\/h3><\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_gallery_pagination\"><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":189,"href":"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6\/revisions\/189"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.phys.cmu.edu\/garoff\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}